What content does a safety case typically contain?

• A. Hazard analysis, risk reduction, verification/validation, and operational experience.
• B. Market analysis, sales forecasts, and warranty terms.
• C. Detailed manufacturing instructions only.
• D. End-user manuals and advertising materials.

Answer: (A)

A safety case is a structured argument, supported by evidence, that a system is acceptably safe for its intended use. It typically includes hazard analysis to identify what could go wrong, the risk reduction measures that lower either the likelihood or severity of those hazards, verification and validation activities that show the system meets safety requirements and behaves as intended, and operational experience that provides real-world data on performance and any residual risk. The other options focus on business analysis, manufacturing instructions, or marketing materials, which do not constitute the evidence-based safety justification that a safety case provides.