What is safe speed in robotic safeguarding, and how is it implemented?

• A. A fixed speed that is always used regardless of conditions.
• B. A maximum permissible speed within safeguarding, implemented by speed limits and protective measures.
• C. The speed used only during maintenance tests.
• D. The speed at which emergency stop engages.

Answer: (B)

Safe speed is the maximum speed at which the robot is allowed to operate while safeguarding measures are active. It’s chosen from a risk assessment so that, even if something unexpected happens, the system can still stop within the protected area and keep people safe during normal operation and interaction.

It’s implemented by enforcing speed limits and protective controls in the system. This includes safety-rated monitoring of velocity, interlocks, and protective devices (like safety mats and light curtains) that enforce the limit, as well as controlled deceleration or safe-stop functions when needed. The goal is to maintain safe operation within the defined boundary, not to run at a fixed speed or only during maintenance, nor to rely on the emergency stop as the normal operating speed.